The Opening Act 1 Scene 1 Essay Example

The Opening Act 1 Scene 1 Essay The opening scene in the Luhrman version is set in a typical U.S gas station. It is a busy and open area, much like the market setting portrayed in the original script, which is also busy. This is very clever of Luhrman because he is trying to modernise the original setting without losing the feeling of an open and busy area. A market square in modern America would be very strange. In the Zefferelli version, the director has tried to replicate the setting and atmosphere of the original, using a typical market square from the time that the play was written, this might seem to the audience as a more realisticà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ version of the play as the film is trying to be more identical to the original play.At the start of the scene in the Luhrman version we see the first of our families, the Montagues. They seem like typical American youngsters having fun in their car with the music turned up. They pull into a gas station and all seems well until the second family arrives, the Capulets. T hey seem more suave, they are smart looking Latinos, and they seem serious compared to the fun loving colourful Montagues.This is a good way of showing the differences between the two families. However in the Zefferelli version we see the Montagues and Capulets enter a traditional market square similar to one in the original play, we donà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t see many differences between the two families as they enter the scene, they seem kind of the same type of family, the only thing keeping them different is the colours of their clothes, the Capulets wearing black and blue and the Montagues wearing yellow and red, the clothes have been made to portray what people wore in the time the play was written, men in tights, frills and Robin Hood like hats. In the Luhrman version the dress is close to modern day attire, Hawaiian shirts and tuxedos.In the first scene in the Luhrman version there is not much reference to the original script, with little speech being used, but it is accurate to the o riginal script. Such lines as when Abram, a Capulet asks the question Do you bite your thumb at us, sir? and Sampson, a Montague replies, I do bite my thumb, sir. This starts the gunfight between the two families. For those that are unsure, the biting of the thumb at one another is an ancient Italian insult. I think that some of the audience may not know what the biting of the thumb is and Luhrman hasnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t shown us what it means which is a minor fault I think.We see that their relationship is obviously frail as only a small spark is used to ignite the fire which in comparison is a small exchange of petty quarrelling is used to start the fight. The use of movement in this scene is fast and furious as the action switches from person to person as they fire their guns, the camera zooms up to each of the main characters and then freezes as text is used to introduce each person, when the screen is un-freezed, the action goes back to being fast and furious again.This is very diffe rent compared to the calm, collective atmosphere of Zefferellià ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s opening scene, where the two families embark on a sword fight after the quarrelling. The fight may not be as action packed as the previous version but is not any less amusing as we see the whole fight moving into the courtyard, where everyone in the picture has their swords drawn and are clowning aroundà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. This adds the fuel needed for the action in this scene as the build up to the fight is less tense than Luhrmanà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s version, the two families in this version seem calm and composed and the rivalry doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t seem to be as serious or intense as we see in the Luhrman version.One impressive point that Luhrman has integrated into the modern version, without altering the script is this; In the original/Zefferelli script/picture, Benvolio says Put up your swords, then the characters do so in the Zefferelli version, but in the Luhrman version and the modern world where people use guns in stead of swords, he has used the camera to focus on the guns where it says the brand name of the gun which is called a sword. This is a very good way of not altering the script but staying close to a modern day likeness of the play.The calm music doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t help in the seriousness of the rivalry in the Zefferelli version, but the thumping loud music in the Luhrman sets the heart thumping and is a better way of giving the audience the seriousness of the rivalry, as this is the most important factor in the play because if the two families were not at war then Romeo and Juliet could live happily ever after. But Luhrman does not go astray of the original script because has used the original script, this may seem a little strange to the audience at first but quickly catches on and is easily understood later on. Zefferelli has used more of the original script, but has altered it a little, but this seems unrecognised as it is used to help make the script more natural and to fit in more with the picture.There is un-intentional humour as the Zefferelli characters seem campà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ to us modern day folk because the men are wearing tights and frocks, the Luhrman characters seem coolà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ because we are used to the attire. But Zefferelli is trying as close as he can to the original play. If Zefferelli had tried to set his film in his time then I expect we would have seen white men with afros, high heels and flairs. If we were studying that type of version at school then I expect we would also see them as campà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½.There is one more difference between the two versions. At the end of the scene where Prince Escalus says that if the two families fight again there will be deaths, Zefferelli has portrayed the Prince riding in on a horse, and we know that princes were around in the time that the play was written, then he speaks to the families. However in Luhrmanà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s version, he has used the modern day equivalent of a prince, a police general, this is good because there are no princes in modern day cities so Luhrman has used the next best thing, a modern day equivalent of a prince. If Shakespear were alive today I think he would have been impressed by Luhrmanà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s attempt to modernize his story, as he has done this very intelligently and very well.The Ball Act 1 Scene 5This scene is where we first see Romeo and Juliet together, and this is the scene they first meet. It starts when the Montagues sneak into a Capulet party/ball. A traditional Shakespearean ball, with traditional dress and dancing is used in the Zefferelli version. Romeo and his fellow Montagues are able to make it inside the Capulet residence because the ball is a masked ballà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. Romeo uses a cat like mask to disguise his identity. In the modernised version, Luhrman has cleverly changed the theme of the party, from a masked ball to its modern equivalent a fancy dressà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ party.For this, Romeoà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s costume is a knight; Luhrm an has tried to show the audience that Romeo is in a sense, a knight in shining armourà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. In both versions, Capulet welcomes everybody and, even though heà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s too old to dance himself, so he gets everybody else to dance because he like to watch those who have lots of life left enjoy themselves. The party in the modern version is also where we first see Mercutio. At the party in the new version, he is performing as a drag queen, this helps us get an idea of this characters personality, we see that he is lively, energetic and one of those people who has no enemies. In the Zefferelli version, however, we donà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t get to meet Mercutio just yet.The following is the same for both versions, but is done in different ways. This is where Romeo first sees his true love, Juliet. Romeo is enjoying the party when a dazzling young lady catches his eye. He doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t know why, but he knows that the girl he sees is the oneà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. The camera is very linear, an d stays at head level all the time. The camera focuses on Juliet all the time as she is dancing, even though fellow dancers get in the way, the camera still keeps track. We are seeing Juliet how Romeo sees her, in the Luhrman version however, the camera movement is quicker and has more variety than staying linear, it follows Romeo and Juliets eyes, this is good because eye contact is the best way of showing how someone is in love. Romeo uses a lot of reference to the original script in Zefferellià ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s version, I think Zefferelli uses a lot of the original script because it is a good way of getting across the message that Romeo has fallen madly in love with this girl, and that she isnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t just another Rosaline.I think that Romeo hasnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t fallen in love with Rosaline, but instead has fallen in love with the idea of falling in love, and has maybe encouraged him a little more to gather more information on Juliet. We donà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t even get to know who Rosalin e is, and she isnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t even mentioned in the modern version. Such lines as O she doth teach the torches to burn bright!à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ and, Beauty to rich for use, for earth to dearà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, helps us see that Romeo has really fallen in love this time, because he doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t say these kind of things about Rosaline.Juliet still hasnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t seen Romeo, because Romeo is still tying to hide himself, but his luck turns when Tybalt spots him through his voice, Julietà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s cousin and respected Capulet family member. Tybalt seems frustrated that an archrival has intruded on his familyà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s ball, he tells Lord Capulet of his findings, but is even more frustrated because Lord Capulet doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t seem to care because Romeo has a good history and has never before troubled the Capulets, Tybalt says he will fight Romeo for this act, but Lord Capulet becomes furious at his nephews disobedience.This doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t interrupt Romeos interests in Juliet, and as Juliet takes a break from the dance, he sees his opportunity, and ceases it. He pulls Juliet behind the pillar he is hiding behind and tries to make Juliet listen by pouring his heart out, his language is like poetry, everything he says seems to flow, even when Juliet questions and dismisses his actions, but Romeo keeps coming back with better and more enticing speech, fro example, O then, let lips do what hands do! They pray, grant thou, lest faith turn into despair.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Juliet replies, Saints do not move, though grant for prayersà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ sake.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Romeo comes back with, Then move not, while my prayersà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ effect I takeà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. Romeo then kisses Juliet and says, Thus from my lips, by thine, my sin is purgà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½.After their little escapade, we meet The Nurse. She interrupts Romeo and Juliet and warns Juliet that her mother wants a word wit her. The Nurse then gives Romeo the bad news; he finds out that Juliet is a Capulet. Benvolio tries to make Romeo forget that she ever existed. The Nurse then tells Juliet the same news; we see this well by the line My only love sprung from my only hate!à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ which gives the message across clearly. Romeo and Juliet meet under different circumstances in the modern version, Romeo has just taken some kind of hallucinogen, a drug perhaps, and it looks as if Romeo is trying to test himself, asking his brain if he wants to live, taking the risk of death to the edge when we see him with his head in a bowl of water.He eventually withdraws his head from the bowl. As he is exiting the bathroom he happens to walk by a fish tank, he is still maybe suffering form the drugs side effects, he then sees Juliet on the other side of the fish tank. This fish tank isnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t just an ordinary fish tank, this tank means a lot more. As we see Romeo and Juliet see each other through the tank, there is a lot of focus on the eyes of the two characters, this makes us feel closer t o the characters, the fish tank is the only separation between the two making contact, even though their faces are distorted, this doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t change the fact that they may have fallen in love with one another, and this gives the love at first sight emphasis more impact.They finally meet beyond the tank. Juliet is attempting to go somewhere but her attempts are foiled when Romeo talks of his love for her, she questions his motives but seems more convinced of Romeos authenticity of true love for her with flowing speech of his undying love for Juliet. Romeo kisses Juliet and even pulls her into a lift when he sees that her nurse is calling for her. The lift signifies their isolation from the whole party, as before Romeo was chasing Juliet all over the ballroom trying to get his message across, but Juliet was still walking away from him.The camera follows Juliets every movements well and is showing that things are very chaotic in a way, following Juliet up the stairs, through th e hall way, past the balcony, rushing around, maybe showing us a sign of things to come. The soft love music from the lone singer, which is also present in Zefferellià ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s version, quickly whimpers away to more fast tempo music as Romeo chases Juliet. All is stopped though when the nurse catches them and Romeo finds out that Juliet is a Capulet and that she is due to marry Paris. We see that Romeos brave attempts may have been stopped by one thing, the family name.One thing that I am keen to point out is the use of costume in the two versions. As I have already said, the Zefferelli version has a traditional Elizabethan masked ball; Romeo and every other person seem to be wearing the same darkish coloured clothes. There is one exception, which is Juliet, her bright orangey/red dress makes her stand out from everyone else and shows us that this is the most important female in the scene, Juliet. The dress has a more important role in the Luhrman version, as each character has a fancy dress costume similar to their personality/character. Paris has an astronauts costume, signifying that he is brave, noble, and representing the great American astronaut Neil Armstrong, a man who held the world to a standstill, a national hero.Then we move onto Tybalt. He has a Devils costume on, showing us that he has a fiery personality, a short temper, and an evil man maybe; the devil is the main route of all evil. Mercutio as I have already said is a drag queen, this shows us that he is humorous, and doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t care what people think, also that he may not take life that seriously, but he is respected by both families and tries to play a neutral part in-between the feuding families, but we know that he is closer to Romeo than anyone else in the families. Romeo has the costume of a knight, a knight in shining armour perhaps, a saviour, a brave soldier, this also coincides with Juliets costume, as she has chosen the costume of an angel, the route of all goodness, an a ngel is perfect, maybe this is how Romeo sees her, an angel has no faults.The Balcony Act 2 Scene 2Juliet appears at a balcony at the back of her house and speaks of her love for Romeo. Romeo, as he is leaving the Capulets party/ball, he cannot withdraw his feelings for his newfound love and has no choice but to go back to the Capulet residence to try and confront Juliet. This is the second of the love scenes, and as you go through the play they all have things in common that you notice.For example, when the love scenes take place, the two lovers are always separated from the chaos that surrounds them, the fish tank, the lift, and the balcony scene, later on we see a few more examples of this similarity, in hindsight the marriage and the closing scene. Their love is seen as real and pure, this is helped by the use of language they use towards one another which is imaginative and flowing. Juliet appears on the balcony, and speaks of her love for Romeo, she says that she doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t care that Romeo is a Montague, this shows the audience that the biggest factor in the pair being together peacefully cannot stop their love.The two versions are quite similar but have some obvious differences due to the modernisation of the play. First of all in Zefferellià ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s version, we see Juliet walk towards the edge of her balcony. She speaks of her love for Romeo, she is so in love that she calls for him knowing thereà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s a good chance of him not returning the call, this is where the most famous line in the play comes in, O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo?à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Romeo hears this as he is hiding in a near by tree, and replies to her call. Juliet is obviously startled and surprised by his appearance but is still glad to see him. She fears for Romeos safety because if he gets caught he will be in big trouble, also she wonders how Romeo got to the balcony in the first place. His answer is that love enabled him to climb the walls easily.This sh ows another bond between the pair in that even death cannot keep Romeo apart from Juliet. The pair exchange vowels and agree to marry with no one knowing, Romeo eventually parts from Juliet and leaves the scene. The quietness and twilighty settings of the scene also help isolate the couple from the rest of the world, the romantic music that was used in the ball scene is used once again. Juliet is wearing a nightgown, which doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t really signify anything here, apart from maybe promoting the angelicà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ theme. In Luhrmanà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s version, Juliet once again enters the balcony area and speaks of her love towards Romeo.But in this version, as well as the language being original, it seems to be delivered more naturally, it seems more believable and passionate towards us. Juliet then makes her way down from the balcony, towards the swimming pool, as Romeo enters the courtyard area, we see that he is maybe a little nervous on meeting Juliet again, we see him hold clo se to the wall, and stumble over some chairs, because he may be nervous but we know for sure that he doesnà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½t want to get caught by guards or he will die. She still speaks of Romeo, but in the previous version, when Romeo confronts Juliet and alerts us of his presence on the balcony, in this version Romeo surprises Juliet by the swimming pool.Juliet is so surprised by Romeoà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s being there that as Romeo attempts to comfort Juliet they both fall into the swimming pool. The swimming pool has more in common with a fish tank than you might think. The swimming pool much like the fishtank symbolizes the coupleà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s isolation from their surroundings, as the couple go underwater, there is no music and the camera focuses on the eyes of the pair, also there is a lot of moving around under water, but there seems no rush to return to the surface as I think they see this as a moment of togetherness, purity and isolation again.As Romeo speaks of his love for Juliet, the two swim about until Juliet hits the edge of the pool, she stops and hesitates a little before kissing Romeo because she is still weary of the dangers that may arouse. The couple exchange vows and the romantic music from the ballroom scene crops up again, before the nurse calls on Juliet. They embrace once again and Romeo hesitantly leaves. There is a lot of passion in this scene and we get a better feel that the two are in love.

Thames Kosmos Chem C3000 Chemistry Kit Review

Thames Kosmos Chem C3000 Chemistry Kit Review Thames and Kosmos produce  several science kits, including multiple chemistry sets. The Chem C3000 is their ultimate chemistry kit. Chemistry education and labs have moved toward computer simulations and safe chemicals, so its actually quite hard to find a kit that offers the types of hands-on experimentation that set the standard for chemistry labs in the past. The Chem 3000 is one of the few chemistry kits on the market today that contains chemicals and equipment necessary to perform over 350 high school / advanced chemistry experiments. This is the most popular chemistry kit for home chemistry and self-teaching. Description This is the ultimate chemistry kit! Thames Kosmos Chem C3000 kit contains everything in their Chem C1000 and Chem C2000 kits, plus more chemicals and equipment. Youll be able to perform over 350 chemistry experiments.The kit comes in a box containing two foam packing trays. The company reserves the right to make technical changes in the kit, so there isnt much point in listing the exact contents of the box I received, but I will say it included a 192-page paperback color lab manual, safety glasses, stickers for labeling chemicals, test tubes, a test tube  holder and test tube brush, a funnel, graduated beakers, pipettes, stoppers, an alcohol burner, a tripod stand, electrodes, brown bottles for storing light-sensitive chemicals, rubber hoses, glass tubing, filter paper, an evaporating dish, an Erlenmeyer flask, a plastic syringe, litmus powder, an assortment of other lab necessities, and numerous containers of chemicals. As you might expect, theres nothing particularly dangerous w ith respect to waste disposal (e.g., no mercury, carbon tetrachloride, etc.), but its a serious set, intended for hands-on, old-school chemistry experimentation. The experiments introduce the investigator to proper use of chemistry lab equipment and cover general chemistry and introductory organic essentials. Age Recommendation: 12+ This is a set for middle and high school students and adults. It is not an appropriate chemistry kit for young children. However, you dont need to have any prior knowledge of chemistry to use the set.The instruction book is designed like a lab text. Each chapter features an introduction, a clear list of objectives, explanation of the concepts, step-by-step instructions, practice questions to make sure you understand what is going on, and a self-test.It is not complicated. You just need a grasp of basic algebra and the ability to follow directions to master the material. The pictures in the book are glorious and the text is easy to read. Its fun and down-to-earth, not boring pages of calculations and graphs. The point is to show you how fun chemistry is! Pros and Cons of the Chem C3000 Kit Personally, I think the pros of this kit greatly outweigh the cons, but you should know what youre getting into before deciding if this is the right chemistry kit for you. The biggest issue aside from cost probably is that this is a serious kit. There are risks if you misuse the chemicals, there is a flame, and there is basic math in the calculations. If youre looking for an introduction to chemistry for very young investigators, it would be better to opt for an age-appropriate set. Pros Suitable for the lab component of home school high school chemistry.Lots of chemicals; lots of experiments. You wont run through this set in an hour or a weekend.The instruction manual is exceptional, with color pictures, clear instructions, and informative explanations of the chemistry.Includes lab and safety equipment, not just chemicals, so you can continue experimentation and lab work beyond the instructions. You can order additional chemicals either from Thames Kosmos or pick them up on your own. Cons Expensive! You get a lot in this kit, but its typically around $200. If that is out of your budget range, you might consider one of the smaller Thames Kosmos kits. The quality is the same, except the kits, are cheaper and cover fewer experiments. Or, if you are on a tight budget, why not put together your own kit from household chemicals?Additional materials required. To complete every experiment, youll need to pick up a 9-volt battery and a few additional chemicals that are not included in the kit, primarily because they are either flammable or else have a short shelf life. Fortunately, these chemicals are not hard to find online. Specifically, the additional chemicals needed that the company couldnt legally ship in the kit are:1% Silver nitrate solution~4% Sodium hydroxide solution~7% Hydrochloric acid (muriatic acid)3% Hydrogen peroxide (usual  drug store strength)~3% Ammonia (diluted household ammonia)The additional chemicals/materials youll need are:White vinegarDenatured alc ohol (rubbing alcohol)Distilled waterBaking soda (sodium bicarbonate)Citric acidAmmonium carbonateAluminum foilCottonIron nail9-Volt battery You may experience breakage in shipping. Most people order this kit online. It comes well-packaged and mine didnt break, despite FedEx throwing it at my front door, but other people have reported getting some broken glassware. The chemicals come in plastic containers, so they are secure, but they are test tubes and glass bottles, so breakage is possible. My advice is to order via a vendor that will replace any damaged components.

Key Issues in the Development E-Business Strategies Relating To the Essay

Key Issues in the Development E-Business Strategies Relating To the Education Sector in UK - Essay Example The researcher states that an internal audit and competitor analysis would help evaluate the stand that Conde Nast has taken. This can be through SWOT analysis and Porter’s Five Forces Analysis. SWOT analysis reveals the internal strengths and weakness which helps the organization evaluate the opportunities that the market presents. It also makes the organization cognizant of its weaknesses which can help it revise its strategy. Enjoys excellent reputation and authority of the brand which puts them in a strong position to teach and inspire the fashion and decorating talent of the future. The college principal designate is the editor of Easy Living and has been the deputy editor of Vogue for five years. The editor-turned teacher would be a valuable connection for the students as they would receive practical knowledge of the industry. Because of their links with the fashion world, they would be able to offer unique insights into the industry. The group creates and develops lifes tyle and business brands online. They have a stronghold in the fashion industry. They also have online and e-commerce experience because of their base unit – publishing. Conde Nast has no prior experience in the field of education. A major lifestyle and publishing house getting into education is something that may not be very attractive to the prospective students/fashion designers. The editor, named as the Principal, has no teaching experience. They may have problems securing internships for their students because of lack of educational background and especially in the field of fashion. They have yet to find a director with experience in the field to run the school. They have been losing revenue in their publishing as there has been a shift from traditional advertising to digital advertising. They need to have collaboration with a University of repute to be able to award degrees. They intend to offer a ten-week intensive course as well as a one-year fashion foundation course . By using the editors as teachers the Group also ensures they get the designs they want to feature in their magazine.

Reflective Portfolio 05205 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Reflective Portfolio 05205 - Essay Example However the participation of the company in the global market also depends on the comparative advantage of the firms that is the firms can export goods in which the firm specialises as well it needs to consider the cultural as well as the political issues of the trading partners. The entrepreneurs within a market focus on technological progress. Through internalisation a new product can be known that the firm may produce and then export the goods to other countries. (Ethier, 2005; Hoekstra and Hung, 2005). The products produced by the firms also depend on the demands of the customers and the entrepreneurs apply various strategies related to internalisation in order to increase the production capacity of the firms. International trade links the home and the host countries through the export and the import of goods that take place. The main factors that play a key role in promoting the globalisation within the economy are the technological innovation that brings in a change within the economy, economic and political changes that take place. The technological innovation within the economy enhances the transportation and communication process at low costs. A large investment in the road infrastructure allowed greater share of trade to be conducted by trucks movi ng between North America and Western Europe (Lane and Milesi-Ferretti, 2008). The shifting of the coal miners towards oil and gas industry is also considered as an important element of Globalisation. The currencies were convertible and the balance of payment restrictions was eliminated. The birth of the Euro Dollar market in the global economy was a move towards the availability of the international liquidity and the cross border trade relations that was set up in Western Europe (Chen, 2006). The organizations are expected to carry out the exchange of goods so as to promote

Business Plan (Restaurant) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business Plan (Restaurant) - Essay Example The main logistics issued discussed include outlining the processes for opening a restaurant in London, recruitment of workers, location of the restaurant and estimating competition from other restaurants in the area. Some possible future problems are highlighted and solutions needed to tackle them are presented. For example, the issue of credit or financial crunch is elaborately discussed and the managerial methods required to steer the restaurant into financial survival are clearly explained in the report. Setting up a restaurant in London City might be an interesting investment based on the teeming number of people that live in the city. London has been regarded as the most multicultural city in the entire European bloc: Most London residents come from a variety of backgrounds rich in local cultures and cuisines (Wilson, 2006). The importance of this status is that any restaurant opened in the city will definitely find buyers for its kinds of foods and drinks, be it African, Asian, European or Native American. As the cultural centre of the United Kingdom, London City also attracts a host of visitors from all over the world. These are potential customers who are willing and ready to order for any dishes that serve their best interest. This, in essence, is the most interesting part of the Cultural Revolution through diversity that London has been promoting for ages (Parijs, 2004). Starting a restaurant in London may not be an easy task: but, it could bring a satisfactory result if it is properly undertaken. There are some factors to consider: where to locate the restaurant? What kind of menu should be served at the restaurants that would be quite competitive to invite customers to the tables? How to go about hiring workers to help in the daily operations of the restaurant? What appropriate managerial policies to implement in order to successfully run the restaurant business? All these logistics requirements point to the fact that doing business in

Personal Development Portfolio (PDP) for Education Studies

Personal Development Portfolio (PDP) for Education Studies This report aim is to develop and produced a Personal Development Portfolio (PDP). The Higher Education Academy (2010) defines PDP as a structured and supported process undertaken by an individual to reflect upon their own learning, performance and/or achievement and to plan for their personal, educational and career development. PDP group learning approaches, doing, recording, ideas, experiences, reflection and planning of goals to be achieved. It will help to understand and improve performance, identify qualities, skills and attributes and help to achieve these goals. 2.0 My profile I will now give a brief description of myself. I was born on the 20 February 1987 at 00.00 sharp. The doctor didnt know which date to insert on the birth certificate. However after consulting my parents, they decided to put my birth date on the 21 February 1987. I am a citizen on Mauritius a small tropical island in the Indian Ocean. My family consists of my father, mother, brother and sister. I am actually 23 years old. I did my O Level and A Level in 2004 and 2006 respectively. Furthermore, I started working as sales representation and promoted as sales executive after one year. In September 2007 I joined EIILM University for my degree program. I did my degree course in Bachelor in Business Administration and was graduated in July 2010. Please find attached my academic CV in the appendix 1. Mean while 2007- 2010, I have learned and experience many things. I have created my own event company in 2009 and went to different institution for training as internship. Finally after being graduated, I decided to join University of Hertfordshire for an Msc Management Program. The aim for doing the Masters program is to increase in maturity, learn new culture and extend my knowledge. My aim in life is to become a successful businessman and to have a big family. I did a personality test(2010) to understand what kind of personality suit me and results are: (SEE APPENDIX 2) Furthermore, to better understand my personality I decided to undertake various test such as learning style, leadership style, motivator test. Strength and weakness My strength are good communication skills, computer wizard, versatile, able to cope under pressure, can take quick decision. I work well in group and I am a good listener. I am punctual and am a good coordinator. I can convince people easily and put pressure on people where needed. I can adapt to change easily. My weaknesses are: I am very stubborn and I never leave a job without finishing it. I am sometimes short temper when people argue on wrong issue. I am usually a practical type of person and does not use the theory part in general. I generally get bored easily with repetitive or routine work. 3.0 Theories 3.1 Learning style Kolb (1985) in Mullins L.J. (2007) identifies a 4 learning style: Accommodative: strong preference for concrete experience and active experimentation. Divergent: Preference for a concrete experiences, but to reflect on these from different perspectives. Assimilative: prefers to swing between reflection and conceptualization and will use inductive reasoning to develop new theory. Convergent: Prefers to apply ideas, will take an idea and test it out in practice However, Fleming J. (2001) in Pritchard A. (2008) argued that there are four learning styles how people collect information: Visual: This kind of learners tends to learn by seeing things. Ex. Charts, graphs, diagrams, arrows, symbols, etc. Auditory: This type of learners prefers to learn by listening through lectures, tutorials, group discussions, etc. Reading: This type of learners prefer to learn through reading books, novels, magazines, newspapers, articles, etc. Kinesthetic: This kind of learners prefers to learn by practically doing things. They very good at remembering things and physical experiencing with memory. Moreover, Honey and Mumford in Marchington M and al. (2008) develop a similar learning style. They are classified as: Activists: learn best by active involvement in concrete tasks, and from relatively short tasks. Reflectors: learn best by reviewing and reflecting upon what has happened in certain situations (stand back, listen and observe) Theorists: learn best when new information can be located within the context of concepts and theories. Pragmatists: learn best when they see a link between new information and real-life problems and issues and put it into practice. Kolb (1985) model, Fleming J. (2001) model and Honey and Mumford learning model shows basically the same. Each one of them has a different way of interpreting the 4 types of learning style. I have done two learning style test which is the VARK learning questionnaire and the Honey and Mumford learning questionnaire. The results of both are illustrated below: Scores for VARK learning model questionnaire (2010) were: Visual: 3 Aural: 6 Read/Write: 4 Kinesthetic:5 (SEE APPENDIX 2A) Honey and Mumford learning model questionnaire (2010) score are: Activists: 2 Reflectors: 10 Theorists: 5 Pragmatists: 7 (SEE APPENDIX 2B) Both test proven that I am an aural and reflectors. It shows that I learn better by listening, experiencing things and thinking well. I always learn better by listening and processing it in my memory rather than reading or watching things. My past experience showed me that I am a Reflector because I think well before taking any decision. In the past I was not taking much time in thinking well before doing something, but with time I have developed a more reflector approach. This is because with experience people learn from their errors and improve them to be more productive and effective. Sir Winston Churchill (1965) said that Success is the ability to go from failure to failure without losing your enthusiasm. I have taken many good decisions in my life and these decisions were taken after having well thought and gather information. Examples are creating my own event company, joining University of Hertfordshire, choosing management field and my day to day activities. However, I would have liked to be a pragmatist because it is important to link out the theories with real life. I need to improve more on the pragmatist part to become a more successful person in the future. 3.2 Leadership style Leadership style is the approach used and way of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people. Lewin K. and al. (1939) identifies 3 different styles of leadership. Authoritarian or autocratic Participative or democratic Delegative or Free Reign Normally good leaders use a combination of the two or three styles, and bad leaders tend to stick with one style only. Essortment (2010) indicate 4 types of leadership style: Autocratic: manager retains as much power and decision-making authority as possible. It is a one way communication. Bureaucratic: manager manages by the book. Everything must be done according to procedure or policy. Democratic: is also called the participative style. It encourages employees to be a part of the decision making and work as a team. Laissez-faire: manager provides little or no direction and gives employees as much freedom as possible. Essortment (2010) and Lewin K. and al. (1939) identified mostly the same type of leadership style. Many other authors came out with similar leadership style and they have simplified it. I took a Quiz Whats Your Leadership Style (2010). The result of the quiz shows that my leadership style was a mixture of Authoritarian and Participative (SEE APPENDIX 3). Normally in life, I use more of participative leadership style. Tuckman B.W (1965) in Mullins (2007) defines group as the interactions within and between groups and the stable arrangement that results from them.This is because I believe in work in group and two way communications give better ideas and solution. I also use authoritarian leadership style not too often. Due to circumstances I have to adapt myself and use autocratic leadership style. Normally I use autocratic leadership style with Theory X people. McGregor (1957) in Beardwell I. and al (2004) indicate than Theory X people are people that has an inherent dislike of work and are very lazy to work on their own whereas Theory Y people physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest. So I must make use of power to be able to make the Theory X people to work and form part of the group. 3.3 Motivators Hertberg (1950) in Davis, K. (1981) developed a motivational model and called it as two-factor model. It consists of: Maintenance factors: It includes work itself achievement, possibility of growth, responsibility, recognition. Motivational factors: It includes status, peer relations, relations with subordinates, relation with supervisors, quality of supervision, company policy and administration, job security, working conditions, pay, bonus and salaries. Another guru in theories of motivation is Abram Maslow. Maslow A. (1943) came up with a hierarchy of 5 level needs. Maslow A. says that people are motivated according to their needs. As people are always greedy in life, when they achieve physiological needs they will not be motivated by same reward. They will focus on the next level to safety needs and so on. I have undertaken a motivational behavior test (2010) and the results are as follows: (SEE APPENDIX 4) Actually I am a very motivated person. When I start something, I like to finish it for a self satisfaction. I sometimes have a strong drive for completing important tasks, but I will often not be driven if I do not feel the task is important enough. I am somewhat motivated by the possibility of a reward for completing a task. I like the sound of a reward (such as a promotion or winning a bet) but it only moderately helps me to focus on a task and get it done. I am motivated to avoid things that I dont like. 3.4 Myers Briggs type indicator The MBTI was developed by Isabel Briggs-Myers (1897 1979) and her mother Katherine Cook-Briggs. The teambuilding company (2010) says that MBTI is a mean to raise awareness and increase understanding of yourself and others in your team and to value the differences between you. At the end of the workshop you will write a personal action plan which will contribute to you and your teams development. In MBTI there are four polar extremes: Extrovert to Introvert (E to I) Sensation to Intuition (S to N) Thinking to Feeling (T to F) Judging to Perceiving (J to P) I undertaken the Myers Briggs Test and my result is as follows: Myers Briggs Test (2010) Results Extroverted (E) 58.82% Introverted (I) 41.18% Sensing (S) 67.74% Intuitive (N) 32.26% Thinking (T) 62.16% Feeling (F) 37.84% Judging (J) 64.71% Perceiving (P) 35.29% (SEE APPENDIX 5) My type is: ESTJ. This indicates that I am an Extroverted, Sensing, Thinking and judging person in life. Before taking a decision, I will gather as much information needed and think well based on actual figures. This will help to be more successful. In the past I have think well before choosing the management field. Ive chosen management field because business will search continuously for the best businessman to run its business. As I have created my own company and wish to be a very famous businessman in life, I have chosen the management field which will help me in improving my knowledge and experience. 3.5 Johari Window Luft J. et al (1970) in West, R. Turner, L.H. (2008) came up with a model named Johari Window. It helps to understand how known you are to yourself and others. There are four components in the window: Open self / Arena: It includes the behavior known by others and self. Hidden self / Facade: It includes the behavior known by self only. Blind self / Blind spot: It includes the behavior unknown by self and known by others. Unknown self: It includes the behavior neither known by self nor by others. I have taken the Johari window test and the results proven that I am a hidden self and mostly unknown self. It shows that people and I dont know about my behavior. This helps me work effectively in group and help to create a positive and friendly atmosphere. 3.6 Belbins team role Team building (2010) explains that: The team roles identified by Belbin are based on certain patterns of behavior that people exhibit within teams. These patterns of behavior can potentially have an impact on the performance of the team. There are nine team roles in Belbins model: Action Oriented Role: Implementer Turn ideas into action Shaper It is a goal directed person. The shaper dynamic like challenges and is courageous Completer/Finisher This strengths are meticulousness, attention to detail and the ability to meet deadlines. People Skills Oriented Role: Coordinator It enables and facilitates interaction and decision making. Team worker It is a good listener, being collaborative, co-operative, easy going and tactful. Resource Investigator It is an enthusiastic explores. Cerebral/Intellectual Role: Planter Its strength is in problem solving and out-of-the-box thinking. Monitor/Evaluator It is a good judgment and good strategic thinking ability. Specialist It is a single minded person and has a specific skill. I have undertaken the test of 123test (2010) of Belbin team role (2010) and my results are as follows: (SEE APPENDIX 6) The test shows that I have nine team roles are the Executive, Explorer, Innovator, Analyst, Driver, Chairman, Completer, Team player and Expert. 4.0 Conclusion Finally to conclude my PDP, I will prepare a SMART action plan for my future. SMART stands for: S Specific M Measurable A Achievable R Relevant T Timely I want to work either in a European countries or USA for 4- 5 years before going back to my country. The aim behind this is to enhance my knowledge and experience. I also want to do another Masters in accounting. This is because to be able to manage a company well, I will need to understand in dept all the cost and revenue of the company. Moreover, I would like to meet famous and successful businessman in the world and attend some of their talk so as to increase my experience. Based on the different personality test (motivators, leadership style, learning style, Johari window etc) completed, I would like to use the critics to improve myself in the future. Johari window will help me lots in the future because there are personality type in me which I havent develop and seen yet. Leadership style test also will help me. I will become a manager in the future, to be a successful one mean to adapt to situation. I will need to learn more how to use all the types of leadership style. 5.0 References: Essortment (2010) Style of leadership Available from [http://www.essortment.com/all/leadershipstyle_rrnq.htm] [Accessed 28/12/2010] Fleming J. (2001) Leadership Styles in Pritchard, A. (2008). Ways of Learning: Learning theories Learning Styles in the Classroom. 2nd edition. London: David Fulton Publishers. Hertzberg. (1950). Hertzbergs Two factor Model in Davis, K. (1981). Human Behavior at Work Organization Behavior. 6th edition. London: McGrawHill, Inc. Honey and Mumford Learning style in Marchington M. and Wilkinson A. (2008) Human Resource Management at work 4th Edition Devon: Short Run Press Honey and Mumford learning questionnaire (2010) Learning style test Available from [http://www.rapidbi.com/created/learningstyles.html] [Accessed 28/12/2010] Kolb (1985) Learning styles in Mullins, L.J. (2007). Management and organisational behaviour. 8th Edn Harlow: Pearson Education Lewin, K., LIippit, R. and White, R. K. (1939). Patterns of aggressive behavior in experimentally created social climates. Journal of Social Psychology, 10, 271-301 Luft, J. Ingham, H. (1970). The Johari Window in West, R. Turner, L.H. (2008). Understanding Interpersonal Communication: Making Choice in Changing Times. 2nd edition. Boston: Cengage Learning, Inc. Maslow A. (1943) Hierarchy of motivation needs Available from: [http://www.abraham-maslow.com/m_motivation/Hierarchy_of_Needs.asp] [Accessed 30/12/2010] McGregor (1957) Theory X and Y in Beardwell I., Holden L and Claydon T. (2004) Human Resource Management, A contemporary Approach 4th Edn Harlow: Pearson Education Motivational behavior test (2010) Available from: [http://www.learnmyself.com/personality.asp?p=Quick_Testpg=2u=MBx2x557627-29345x59eF5x1] [Accessed 29/12/2010] Myers Briggs Type Indicator test Personality test Available from: [http://sminds.com/cgi-bin/mbti.pl] [Accessed 03/01/2011] Personality Test (2010) Available from: [http://www.learnmyself.com/personality.asp?p=Quick_Testi=PIsh=y] [Accessed 03/01/2011] Quiz Whats you leadership style (2010) Available from: [http://psychology.about.com/library/quiz/bl-leadershipquiz.htm] [Accessed 04/01/2011] Sir Winston Churchill (1965) Failure and Success Quotes Available from: [ http://www.inspirationalspark.com/failure-quotes.html] [Accessed 03/01/2011] Team building (2010) Belbin Team Roles Available from: [http://www.teambuildingportal.com/articles/systems/belbin-team-roles] [Accessed 05/01/2011] The Higher Education Academy (2010) Personal Development Planning Available from: [http://www.heacademy.ac.uk/ourwork/teachingandlearning/pdp] [Accessed 05/01/2011] The teambuilding company (2010) Myers Briggs Type Indicator MBTI Available from: [http://www.teambuilding.co.uk/myers-briggs-mbti-team-theory.html] [Accessed 04/01/2011] Tuckman (1965) in Mullins, L.J. (2007). Management and organisational behaviour. 8th Edition Harlow: Pearson Education VARK test (2010) Learning style test Available from: [http://www.vark-learn.com/english/page.asp?p=questionnaire] [Accessed 28/12/2010] 123test (2010) Belbin team role test (2010) Available from: [ http://www.123test.com/team-roles-test/][Accessed 28/12/2010]

Finding Inner Peace :: Personal Narrative Essays

Finding Inner Peace "Nothing can bring you peace but yourself." I am thinking about the time when my best friend died, and when I stopped being myself and my life started going to hell. It happened maybe two or three years ago. The day is very clear in my memory. The weather was cold and nasty. The monotonous rain made everything outside look gray. I was at home, waiting for my girlfriend to arrive. I was sitting on the couch drinking hot tea and feeling warm and cozy. My dog was there too, I remember. We were watching a talk show, but I was not paying much attention to what was going on. All I cared about was my girlfriend was coming home and that we would be able to see each other again. She had left only four weeks earlier, but I had already missed her greatly. We had been friends since the 9th grade. In the beginning we were enemies; we hated each other. Oh, how we fought! One time she accused me of taking her purse, knowing what a notorious prankster I was, even though I had no idea what she was talking about. Later she found her purse in her friends locker. It seems she had forgotten she had put it there. This turned out to be the first, but not the last, accident that would occur. What didn't we argue about? After about, four years, we became the best friends ever. We were perfectly compatible with each other. We began spending all our time together. We were vital to each other. I came to know each and every detail about her life as she did about mine. It was the most enduring friendship of my life. I looked at the clock above my head. Six fifty. She was supposed to arrive at five o'clock. I felt uncomfortable, some weird feeling crawled around my heart. I did not understand it. I waited and waited. It was dark already and I was afraid of being in solitude. I couldn't stand it anymore. Seven o'clock. The phone rang and it startled me. Who might it be? I wasn't expecting a phone call from anyone. I got up from the couch and picked up

Dijkstra’s Algorithm Essay

1) Write short notes on: a) Pains of Partition b) Family bonding and disintegration Ans. a) India was a colony for over 200 years and this struggle for independence is deeply rooted in the Indian psyche. More than this, another momentous event of partition is taken up by the authors. Heinous activity, cruelty, barbarism have left deep scars in Indian minds. Different aspects of partition have been dealt with by many writers specially who have themselves undergone that experience. His most famous book is â€Å"Train to Pakistan†. Another important book by him is â€Å"Ghadar 1915: India’s first Armed Revolution†. There are some women writers who have also written about the partition of 1947. Manju Kapur has, in fact, made it the background of her novel â€Å"Difficult Daughter† that was published in 1998. Nina Sibal painted a vivid picture of partition in her novel â€Å"Yatra† and â€Å"What the body remembers† by Shauna Baldwain also throws light on the pains of Partition. b) Among all the countries of the world, the institution of family is of supreme importance in India. Even in this post modern world, Family still plays the pivotal role. There have been continuous twists and turns in the cobweb of family relationship. Many writers have written profusely on it but basically women writers have dealt with an extra edge. Shashi Deshpandey, Kamala Markandeya, Nayantara Sahgal , to name a few. Earlier, India had joint family system but with rapid industrialization and to meet out the search of better opportunities of employment, the families gradually acquired the shape of nuclear ones. Urban migration started with the shifting of masses from rural to urban areas to meet out the challenges of earning living. Such issues also dealt with seriously by many writers in all the languages in India. Both the genres of short stories and novels take up ‘Family’ as an important issue and then the different equations between members of the family always make interesting plot for the stories. Relation between mother and son, husband and wife, brother and brother, brother and sister requires minute detailing and a lot of sensitivity. 2) Write a note on basket-selling girl. Ans. The writer is shown as eighteen years old and studying in the Delhi University. The girl , that he meets at Deoli station, is very poor as her feet were bare but he was struck by the sheer dignity with which she carried herself. She had a typical charm about her personality. She had a beautiful , pale visage with shiny, black hair. The feature of profound attraction was her pair of dark, troubled eyes. In a way the writer was mesmerized by the simple beauty and grace oozing out of her personality. â€Å"She stood by my window for some time and neither of us said anything. But when she moved on, I found myself leaving my seat and going to the carriage door. † The use of the words â€Å"I found myself† amply suggests that he was motivated from within to follow that girl. The germination of love in this story does not seem to be unrequited as the girl also gets sparkled up looking at the writer for the second time. In fact her maiden meeting with the writer instills a spark of happiness within her. He writes, â€Å" I watched her as the platform slipped away. She was alone on the platform and she did not move, but she was looking at me and smiling. I watched her until the signal-box in the way, and then the jungle hid the station, but I could still see her standing there alone †¦.. â€Å" 3. What are the unique features of Desai’s prose style ? Ans. Desai is part of a new literary tradition of Indian writing in English which dates back only to the ’30s or ’40s. She explains that this is because â€Å"at one time all literature was recited rather than read and that remains the tradition in India. It is still rather a strange act to buy a book and read it, an unusual thing to do†. Her new style of writing is also different from that of many Indian writers, as it is much less conservative than Indian literature has been in the past. For these reasons, she says, she is not widely read in India, mainly in Indian universities if at all. Throughout her novels, children’s books, and short stories, Desai focuses on personal struggles and problems of contemporary life that her Indian characters must cope with. She maintains that her primary goal is to discover â€Å"the truth that is nine-tenths of the iceberg that lies submerged beneath the one-tenth visible portion we call Reality†. She portrays the cultural and social changes that India has undergone as she focuses on the incredible power of family and society and the relationships between family members, paying close attention to the trials of women suppressed by Indian society. Desai is praised for her broad understanding on intellectual issues, and for her ability to portray her country so vividly with the way the eastern and western cultures have blended there. 4) Write the character sketch of Daga . Ans. Daga was a contractor who earned huge amount of money. As money begets money, he piled up bundles of notes by hook or by crook. He was involved in the quagmire of immoral deeds like murder, kidnapping, trafficking etc. He had an unsatiating appetite for money and he blew it up on women and alcohol. There was nothing congenial or friendly in Daga’s personality. He did not think twice before slashing anybody from his scheme of life but if someone tried to leave his gang, he would akin it an act of treacherous absconder. For example, there was a man Kannan who wanted to leave Daga’s world of heinous crime but no sooner than this news reached Daga’s ear, he was murdered. When Kailas extricated himself from the company of Daga, he could not take it casually. In spite of Kailas’ escaping to a far off place, in fact a continent away, he managed to find him. To Kailas’ utter discomfort, his greed of money is not quashed. He demanded fifty thousand rupees from him. Kailas tried his level best to make him understand that his current job did not flourish him with unlimited money but Daga was not ready to listen. He was violent enough to have forgotten that Kailas once used to work for him. He used harsh body language while dealing with Kailas. â€Å"If you run again, I will kill you, no matter which gutter you hide in. Tomorrow this time. Fifty thousand. † This threat sent the shivers down Kailas’ spine. He knew that Daga was a killer and that hunting lodge was an ideal place for his murder to be taken place without any news of it to anybody. Finally Daga meets his death as a murderer should die. 5) Write a note on suitability of the title â€Å" Panch Parmeshwar’ . Ans. The story ‘Panch Parmeshwar’ deals with the supremact of

The Importance of Environmental Protection & Practical Steps to Support It

Since the second half of the 20th century, the results of environmental destruction and the exploitation of natural resources have become increasingly obvious. Now, 7 billion people are sharing this planet, and scientists predict that the population will increase to 10 billion people in this century. However, we already face difficulties with dwindling natural resources and environmental pollution. There is growing evidence that some natural disasters are due to our behavior. We already face tremendous changes caused by carbon emissions and deforestation.Glaciers are melting, and sea levels rise continuously. Our hunger for more gas, oil and water even induced earthquakes. These 1 are enough experiences to wake us up! Environmental protection H. H. the 14th Dalai Lama (the spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhists) and H. H. the 17th Karmapa Urgyen Trinley Dorje (the spiritual guide of the Tibetan Kagyu tradition)are strong advocates for environmental protection. Vietnamese Master Thich Nhat Hanh is also very active in this regard, only to mention a few spiritual leaders who are engaged in environmental protection. H. H.the Dalai Lama mentioned at the Environmental Summit in Portland in May 2013 that his strong commitment to environmental protection started more than 20 years ago. In 1992 the Dalai Lama attended the first environmental conference in Rio de Janeiro and spoke about his views on universal responsibility. One year later, he was invited to an international conference, â€Å"Ecological Responsibility –a Dialogue with Buddhism† in New Delhi, India. Prominent Buddhist teachers and scientists attended this conference. As a result they published a public appeal entitled, â€Å"For Our Universal Responsibility.† Many talks and articles by H. H. the DalaiLama about this topic followedand are now published in 2 diverse media worldwide. These can be found on his homepage. H. H. the Karmapa has spoken for a number of years on the importance o f protecting the environment for the future of this world and for the Dharma. He says, â€Å"Ever since the human race first appeared on this earth, we have used this earth heavily. It is said that ninety-nine percent of the resources and so on in this world come from the natural environment. We are using the earth until she is used up.The earth has given us immeasurable benefit, but what have we done for the earth in return? We always ask for something from the earth, but never give her anything back. â€Å"3 Sentient beings are totally dependent on the four elements of earth, fire, wind and water. H. H. the Karmapa says, â€Å"Both the bodyand mind are strongly connected to the unaltered, natural elements. â€Å"4We only can survive because nature and other sentient beings make our lives possible. Therefore, we need to strive to bring this awareness into our lives for our own good. We need to educate each other about the importance of protecting and caring for our environment. Practical Steps Towardsa Healthy Relationship with the Environment H. H. the Karmapa’s vision is supported by an association called â€Å"Khoryug,† which means â€Å"environment† in Tibetan. Formed by Tibetan monasteries in the Kagyu tradition, the association promotes environmental projects under the Karmapa's leadership. A bilingual homepage in English and Tibetan has been established to provide information on these projects. In 2009, the Karmapa organized the first conference for environmental protection for Kagyu monasteries and Dharmacenters in Sarnath, India.As a result of this conference, he published a booklet entitled, â€Å"108 Things You Can Do To Help The Environment. † You can download thisbooklet, whichis inspiring and helpful not only for monasteries and Buddhist centers, but also forBuddhist practitioners and non-Buddhists worldwide. I’d like to mention some things you will find in this booklet about what we can do to protect our en vironment from destruction: Environmental protection starts with us. We need to look at our own behavior to consider how we can support a healthy environment for this century and beyond. To start, we can do aspirational

Satan As An Epic Hero In Paradise Lost Religion Essay Essay Example

Satan As An Epic Hero In Paradise Lost Religion Essay Essay Example Satan As An Epic Hero In Paradise Lost Religion Essay Paper Satan As An Epic Hero In Paradise Lost Religion Essay Paper and so Deeming some island, ( 1.205 ) , which means that Satan has a huge figure and even a crewman would do a error. He may believe that Satan is an island on which he can berth his boat. Satan s size turning utmost larger comparing with the others supports Satan as the hero. Satan is so physically impressive that Milton ca nt happen anyone who can fit him. Hence he is typical from the other angels and work forces. In the English Renaissance, there s no uncertainty that John Milton s Paradise Lost was by and large regarded as the chief work. The Renaissance is believed to hold originated in Florence in the 14th century, in which there was a resurgence of involvement in the classical antiquity. Dante, Petrarch and Boccaccio, but besides painters like Giotto were the of import figures of that age. From the terminal of the 15th century on, it has become known as the High Renaissance, when some Italian metropoliss started to vie with Florence upon the prima place. Therefore, the idea of Renaissance spread out from the early 16th century onwards. This resurgence and influence of classical civilization, art and literature was typically represented in both Paradise Lost and La Divine Commedia, particularly depicting the scene of the underworld. This is a general literary motive of the classical heroic poem plants. Inspired by all the literatures at that epoch, Milton decided to compose his heroic poem verse form. Milton had a intent of composing an heroic poem verse form upon a baronial capable decennaries before he started composing Eden Lost in 1658. In his celebrated work At a holiday Exercise in the College ( 1628 ) , he already mentioned that he would wish to give himself to singing in the mode of Homer and at the same clip, he envisioned composing a verse form refering wars and heaven under Jupiter . Notes and bill of exchanges from around 1640 include four bill of exchanges of projections of the autumn of adult male, one of them called Paradise Lost and another Adam unparadiz d. It took Milton about twenty old ages composing controversial prose and political booklets and he was a strong protagonist of autonomy of scruples, free will and human pick. The narrative itself shows that the autumn from Eden of Satan and the other angels who betrayed against God. As a affair of fact, the Renaissance humanitarianism can be easy found in this work. It rapidly developed during t he fourteenth and the beginning of the 15th century, and was besides a resonant response to the challenge of medieval scholastic instruction. It emphasized the practical, scientific and pre-professional surveies. On the contrary, sHYPERLINK hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholasticism cholasticism wage much attending to cultivating the fixing work forces to be physicians, attorneies or professional theologists, and their topics contain logic, natural doctrine, medical specialty, jurisprudence and divinity, etc.. Opposite from the preparation professionals in slang and serious drill, humanists did all they could to make a people who was able to talk and compose with fluency and clarity. For this ground, they would be capable of carrying others to prosecute the civic life of their communities morally and make some cautious actions. Because Milton s work was profoundly influenced by the Classics, Paradise Lost can be classified as an heroic poem. Thankss to this chef-doeuvre, the poet Milton is still celebrated until now. Many bookmans believe that this work is one of the most outstanding merchandises of the Renaissance and peculiarly as to the subject can the Satan be an heroic poem hero? Satan in Milton s eyes was bold, resourceful and formidable and every bit good an first-class leader. When reading the work, after a few pages, the reader may so acquire the feeling that Satan is a great heroic poem hero of that age. Milton did non deny the truth of the bible so as to set up the freedom of the person. He built on the great Christian paradox which asserted that true freedom depended on the service for God. This pull the traditional idea into a new scene, even a radical scene, is Milton s great power. When talked about the purpose of the poet to compose this verse form, it was to happen the root of the homo s unfortunateness. For his portion, he believed the ground that human existences were easy to be swayed by their emotions, chose the incorrect manner and eventually lose their joyful Eden was for the interest of their weak ground and nervousnesss. The autumn of Eve was due to her purposelessness for happening new cognition. The autumn of Adam was due to his indulgence to Eve. The autumn of Satan was due to his great aspirations and complacency. Through their acrimonious experience, Milton wanted to connote that the English capitalist category s acrimonious loss was due to their moral corruptness and hot stuff. He inherited the humanitarianism in 16 century and at the same clip, accepted the new scientific accomplishment in 17 century. However, he held a critical attitude towards them. He confirmed life fast one but he denied the limitless pleasance. He confirmed endeavor and se nse of proud while he denied the aspirations and proud which evolve from them. He confirmed scientific discipline while he besides thought that scientific discipline did nt intend all. If people merely had scientific discipline but no ideal and justness, they would neer acquire peace and happy. Such sort of thought was the contemplation of his Puritanism. Milton criticized the proud Satan inside, while emotionally he sympathized Satan s position, because the penalty of Satan looks so much like the force per unit area of the capital category. When descried the snake pit, although Milton kept on stating that Satan was proud, ambitious, from the duologues, Satan was merely a vivid oppressed radical. This image was so glorious, and his contending finding stood out brilliantly against the utmost unsafe snake pit. This was the unerasable memory of English middle class, besides a outstanding art accomplishment. Satan was a function who had important obstructions to get the better of in order to recognize his ends. In the historical long river, heroic poem heroes in heroic poesy shared some similar features, therefore it seems like Milton felt his ain responsibility to do Satan to be the heroic poem hero in Paradise Lost. His features in the verse form shared some similarities with those of old heroic poem heroes such as Odysseus. Epic heroes have some similitude. They are rather powerful, weather, and convincing ; no affair what odds are against them, they will acquire rid of the troubles and achieve their ends, and most of import of all, they are leaders. Actually, Satan possesses of such sort of the qualities in Paradise Lost. First of all, in the first beginning, Satan had lost the war he fight against God and the angels in Eden and was chained on the firing lake . Satan and his fellow Rebel angels were banished to populate in horrid homes. Milton described the uncomfortableness of sna ke pit mentioned by Satan Oh how unlike the topographic point from whence they fell! There the comrades of his autumn, overwhelmed with inundations and whirlwinds of stormy fire ( 1.97 ) . This shows that Satan met with of import obstructions as most heroic heroes encounter. Satan was powerful and big in size which normally personifies heroic poem heroes. Lay drifting many a crucifix, in majority every bit immense as whom the fabrications name of monstrous size, Titanian or Earth-born, which warred on Jove ( 1.95 ) . A Milton shows that Satan was besides the contemplation of courage and leading because Satan, although presently in animadversion, still upholds his rules that enlisted him in snake pit in the first topographic point. He says all is non lost the unconquerable will, and survey of retaliation, immortal hatred, and bravery neer to subject or give: And what is else non to be overcome? That glorification neer shall his wrath or might extort from me ( 1.106-111 ) . The nucleus of Satan s gallantry in this verse form is that though that he would contend against all the odds, he was still in favour of his ain beliefs and fought till the terminal to continue his beliefs. He says We shall be free ; the Almighty hath non built Here for his enviousness, will non drive us hence: Here we may reign secure ; and, in my pick, to reign is deserving aspiration, though in Hell: Better to reign in the Hell than serve in Heaven ( 1.259-263 ) . Satan and his Rebel angels achieve the political orientation which was As being the reverse to His high with whom we resist. If so His Providence, Out of our evil seek to convey away good, Our labour must be to corrupt that terminal, And out of good still to happen agencies of immorality ( 1.161-165 ) . Satan inspired the openly resistance to God and uprooted the passion of his followings to go on their rage of detrimental God. All he his followings were persuaded during his address Can do a Heaven of Hell, and a Hell of Heaven ( 1.255 ) . Satan and his disciples wanted no parts of Heaven any more because they could nt bear to service for God any longer. Therefore they were inexorable about making their ain Kingdom in snake pit where they would name God s cherished world up. All in all, the features of Satan and his actions corporately made him the rival of the heroic poem hero function in Paradise Lost. A Milton portrayed Satan as a vengeful, manipulative, trickish, lying, and barbarous person. Nevertheless, Milton besides showed Satan s trueness to the aim that he and the rebellious angels were prosecuting. But first of all, allow s get down with Satin s vindictive ways. To get down with, Satan was seen as vengeful because even though he d already been punished and thrown to the cavities of snake pit from Eden, he still remains house in his rebellion of the Almighty and seeks to damage heaven. Satan and his components s malignity was so obvious in their determination that they would nt assail Heaven through war, but attack the newest creative activity of God, Man. Satan volunteered his services to score them to our party, that their God May turn out their enemy, and with atoning manus Abolish his ain plant. This would excel Common retaliation, and disrupt his joy ( 2.-371 ) . Besides, Satan was manipulative and trickish because to foster his mission of scoring and perverting adult male on Earth, he had to plan a perfect method to come in the gate of Earth, and therefore he casts to alter his proper form which else might work him danger or detain: and now a adolescent Cherub he appears ( 634-636 ) . In an effort to darnel and pull strings the guard Uriel, Satan transformed into a cherub which is a meekly ranked angel in Eden. From this we can happen that he is rather a intriguing person. What s more, Satan demonstrated the Acts of the Apostless of lying and fraudulence when he corrupted Eve s head in the Garden of Eden and persuaded her to pick the fruit from the out tree of cognition. He transformed himself one time once more into a serpent, and instigated Eve that she could eat from the tree of cognition. So glistered the desperate Snake, and into fraud Led Eve, our credulous female parent, to the tree of prohibition, root of all our suffering ( 10.643-645 ) . All of these actions- prevarication, use, fraudulence, and the hazards committed by Satan demo his trueness to the intent. For the interest of destructing world merely to rag God vastly shows his trueness and part. Milton clearly emphasizes the character of Satan through his high elaborate recounts of Satan s mischievousness. Satan had become a by any agencies type of attitude when it came to pleading his award and continuing his beliefs which led to the misrepresentation, use, and lying that he was ill-famed for throughout Paradise Lost. He was the heroic poem hero in the narrative because in this narrative he was the underdog. No 1 expected for him to be to the full winning in his shows, and while he might non to the full accomplished all ends. It was proved that he was house in his secret plan against God. In the drumhead portion, Milton expressed the differences between human existences and Satan. Different from Satan and his followings, Adam and Eve did nt take a destructive gamble. Adversely, they kept a hopeful and low behaviour. Adam even assimilated himself to the perversive archangel stating that his hurting was neer earlier and neer once more. Nevertheless, the biggest difference was when they faced with the possible picks, human existences chose hope while Satan chose a gaming retaliation. An indispensable construct here was that old life was doomed. John Milton rather opposed this thought. He was strongly in favour of the free willingness. As the secret plan spread, the differentiations between human and Satan bit by bit expressed. Adam and Eve denied the sentiment of Satan that all people should drop with ignorance, and they decided to be submissive to God under his agreement. Different from Satan s finding to avenge on all the profaned divinities, people chose to be peaceab le to the omnipotent God. Satan could nt perfectly repent and repair his ways or pray for forgiveness in such a despairing status. Although he was house, he was defeated by the holy boy who was bestowed the spirit and power by God. No affair whether we were in favour of Satan and his military personnels forfeit or human existences concluding entry, Milton insisted on the terminal determination of the interior bosom throughout. In malice of failure, Satan was to the full confident that he could nt assist confronting with such status. And that Adam and Eve knew their happy Eden had been lost, so they hope to see it as a kingdom which their psyche could get. They hoped that their spirit could populate here. Though won the war and be called the victor , the holy boy did nt see the transition or escapade like other characters. Although the revolution was a failure, the revolutionists were bloodily suppressed ; Milton s radical combat would neer be deducted. To convey this subject, the devout believer Milton described God as a cruel feudal monarchy and a blinkered autocrat at all cost so that he could touch to the barbarous repression to the Puritans of Charlie a†¦? at that black age. The greatest opposition and the most barbarous Satan Satan was fashioned into a handsome, tall and smart radical leader for the interest of singing the congratulationss of revolutionists. Satan s rebellion was put down by God, and the Satan party was thrown into the fire lake for agonies ; nevertheless, Satan neer loses his combat will, he was adversely active to form his ain force and waited for lifting from the ashes. He built his ain castle as a new land in the snake pit and openly content against God. He preferred being the male monarch in the snake pit to subjecting to God as an functionary in the Eden. From this we can happen his tireless contending spirit towards the God, the authorization and the highest dictator. The writer borrowed the image of Satan to show his ain choler and disdain towards the feudal autocrat Charlie a†¦? and his house assurance towards the radical success. Thankss to his radical passion, his Satan was full of sound and colour and surpassed his God morally. The hero of this verse form is a adult male named Satan who is banished for disputing the leading of the kin. This adult male Satan makes a vow to destruct or pervert anything created by the kin. This Satan was resourceful, doing the best of what he had, really small, and carry throughing his end. Satan may merely be the Nonconformist who could nt stay by what was considered normal. In any instance one must demo their esteem for Satan in his involuntariness to function in Heaven, and so in the manner he accepted his ensuing function in Hell. Although it was rather difficult to turn out who the existent hero was in Paradise Lost, as a whole, sprit-internal perfect, intelligent independency and single power in this masterpiece give people the comprehensive epic virtuousness . Fundamentally, Milton abandoned the whole heroic poem construct in this work and changed it into an experience of immediate concern to himself. This experience was nt his flattery to his civilization and beliefs, but a existent opportunity for readers religious pattern. No affair how painful a individual is, John Milton s Paradise Lost will wake up him up after sing such a religious trip and change over the intangible inkiness into wholesome consciousness and bright head. Peoples may state that Milton battle for republic signifier of authorities and exposed Satan. While from his disapprobation to Satan s audacity and unfaithfulness, more than one time expose the false faces and insincere attitude of English middle class militants. Yet Satan s fearl ess exalted quality, to a big extent, eulogized his cotemporaries heroic dauntless spirit.

Equity and Common Law College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Equity and Common Law College - Essay Example The courts of law in medieval times enforced the law of the king. The range of claims that these courts agreed to hear gradually became more restricted and painfully technical, and many deserving plaintiffs were denied a hearing. A plaintiff's alternative was to send a petition directly to the king, asking for mercy and conscience to decide the matter. The king regularly delegated these petitions to his chancellor who was the king's clergy and confessor. Soon the Chancery, the king's secretarial department, began to resemble a judicial body and became known as the "Court of the Chancery." By the 15th century, the judicial power of the "Chancery" was recognized. Equity as a body of rules varied from Chancellor to Chancellor until the end of the 16th century. After the end of the 17th century only lawyers were appointed to the Chancery. Equity acts as a system of decrees forcing an individual to act or forbidding an individual from acting by issuing injunctions or decrees. However in modern times a court will be reluctant to this if another solution namely monetary compensation is available. Thus the most common solution found in court system today is for a litigant to request damages in the form of monetary payment. This is the basic distinction between using equity determinations to administer the law and the law system as it exists today. Another distinction is that in the system of equity the judge is the "trier of fact"2 and a jury is not available. Here the forefathers of the United States took exception to equity courts: they wrote the VII amendment to the Constitution to ensure all citizens have the right to a jury in civil cases. A final distinction between equity and law is the source of rules of rules on which decisions are based. In law, common law is established by judges using previous decisions and p recedents. Statutory law is determined by the legislature and a statute it makes by this governing body for a judge or enforcement agency to mandate and satisfy the will of the legislators. In contrast, equity, which concentrates on fairness and flexibility, has only general guides known as the maxims of equity.A chart showing these traditional maxims has been inserted here: Among the traditional maxims are: 1 Equity regards as done that which ought to be done. 2 Equity will not suffer a wrong to be without a remedy 3 Equity delights in equality 4 One who seeks equity must do equity 5 Equity aids the vigilant, not those who slumber on their rights 6 Equity imputes an intent to fulfill an obligation 7 Equity acts in personam. 8 Equity abhors a forfeiture 9 Equity does not require an idle gesture 10 One who comes into equity must come with clean hands 11 Equity delights to do justice and not by halves 12 Equity will take jurisdiction to avoid a multiplicity of suits 13 Equity follows the law 14 Equity will not aid a volunteer 15 Between equal equities the law will prevail 16 Between equal equities the first in order of time shall prevail 17 Equity will not complete an imperfect gift 18 Equity will not allow a statute to be used as a cloak for fraud 19 Equity will not allow a trust to fail for want of a trustee Richard Edwards, Nigel Stockwell (2005). Trusts and Equity The historic objection to equity was that it had no fixed rules of origin. From time to time a Lord Chancellor would decide a

No need for topic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

No need for topic - Assignment Example Race. This is a concept that defines and signifies elements of social conflicts and varied interests that describe different types of human bodies. It is a social and historical descriptor of individuals with great significance and cannot be used to divide individuals through any biological basis. Theory of racial formation. It states that a society is defined and made of racial subjects, both large and small, to which all individual hare subjected. Hence everyone abides to some grouping as a version of racial classification and of her own racial identity without any teaching or inculcation Racial project. A term thatch the authors have used to allow and facilitate deeper understanding of racism, in a partial context. A racial project can thus be defined as racist only when such a project creates and amplifies structures of domination over others purely on essentialism. Racial dictatorship. Refers to the stubborn persistent cases of racial inequality in a society, where one race is favored and gets special attention at the expense of others for being considered superior to another race in a social context. The article, Science and the Idea of Race: A Brief History by Smedley illustrates how historical developments in different sciences and the idea behind race were strongly interwoven, in understanding the background behind certain persons, and IQ tests and how the mental testing activities came to be developed in understanding different individual in terms of their mental capacity and abilities. The article investigates how race is connected to the above developments. Single origin theory of the universe. This is an important theory among Christians that unified all humanity and made them equal before the eyes of God as the universal being; it implied that even the savage could be made civilized making any human being equal. Psychic unity of the human kind explains that all men are of one species, and have been